1. Gluten Intolerance: Also known as non-celiac gluten sensitivity, gluten intolerance refers to a condition where individuals experience symptoms similar to those with celiac disease but without the same immune response or damage to the small intestine. People with gluten intolerance may experience symptoms such as bloating, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fatigue after consuming gluten-containing foods. However, it is important to note that gluten intolerance is not an autoimmune disorder like celiac disease.
2. Gluten Allergy: A gluten allergy, also known as wheat allergy, is an immune response triggered by the ingestion of gluten or wheat proteins. This allergic reaction can cause symptoms such as hives, itching, swelling, difficulty breathing, and in severe cases, anaphylaxis. Unlike celiac disease, a gluten allergy is an IgE-mediated immune response, similar to other food allergies.
3. Celiac Disease: Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder triggered by the ingestion of gluten. When individuals with celiac disease consume gluten, their immune system responds by attacking the small intestine, leading to inflammation and damage to the villi, which are responsible for nutrient absorption. This can result in various symptoms, including abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, fatigue, and nutrient deficiencies. Long-term untreated celiac disease can lead to serious complications.
It is important to note that while gluten intolerance and gluten allergy are not life-threatening conditions, celiac disease requires strict adherence to a gluten-free diet to prevent long-term complications. If you suspect you have any of these conditions, it is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and management.
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